전체 식당 산업의 빠른 성장은 중국이 내수를 확대하기 위한 중요한 동력이 되고 있습니다. 국가통계국이 발표한 자료에 따르면, 2019年中国社会消费品零售总额为41.2万亿元，其中餐饮收入为4.67万亿元，占社会消费品零售总额的约11.3%。自2015年以来，餐饮业持续增加其在零售总额中的占比。
I. 국가 경제에서의 음식점 산업의 상태와 성장 음식점 산업의 전체적인 빠른 성장은 중국이 내수를 확대하기 위한 중요한 동력으로 작용하고 있습니다. 국가통계국이 발표한 자료에 따르면, 2019年中国的社会消费品零售总额为41.2万亿元，其中餐饮业总额为4.67万亿元，占社会消费品零售总额的约11.3%。自2015年以来，餐饮业持续增加其在零售总额中的份额，
성장 동력 면에서 전국 소비재 소비의 도매 및 소매 판매는 2019년 기준으로 전년 대비 8.0% 증가했으며, 음식 서비스 산업은 전년 대비 9.4% 증가했습니다. 2019년에 소비는 GDP 성장에 대한 기여가 57.8%로, 약 3.5%p를 GDP 성장에 기여하여 6년 연속으로 마クロ经济增长的主要引擎。餐饮业占社会消费品零售总额的约11.3%，推动GDP增长约0.4个百分点。
중국의 음식 서비스 산업은 소매와 중소기업으로 이루어져 있으며, 체인화와 시장centration이 낮습니다. 중국 요리 협회에 따르면, 2018년 중국 전역에는 800만 개 이상의 음식 서비스 상인들이 있었다. 미트란 연구소가 2019年第1季度的调查数据显示，86.5%的餐饮商户是独立门店，82.5%的餐饮商户营业面积小于100平方米，95.9%的餐饮商户员工人数少于10人。由于小型和中型餐馆数量众多，市场集中度不高，行业规模效应也不明显。随着行业竞争加剧，餐饮行业的中小型企业将暴露出单店客户获取能力不足、在线平台利用率低以及普遍经营资金紧张等问题。
신종 코로나 바이러스 감염이 음식점 산업에 미치는 영향 신종 코로나 바이러스 감염으로 2020년 봄假节日期间的餐饮业营业损失约为90%。2月假日期间，餐饮收入预计比去年同期减少约90%，预计从3月起将逐步改善。2020年的年度餐饮收入预计为39700亿元，比2019年低约15%。
급식 회사는 지속적인 비용 압박을 맞이하고 있습니다. 코로나 바이러스 대유행의 앞에서, 한편으로는 대부분의 음식점이 강제로 폐업해야 했지만, 다른 한편으로는 임대료, 인건비를 지불해야 했으며, 고정자산 감가상각 비용도 부담해야 했습니다. 시장 조사 자료와 상장 음식점의 재무 데이터를 기반으로, 재료비, 인건비, 임대료 세 가지 비용의 합은 총 비용의 약 70%를 차지하고 있습니다(그림 5). 두 번째로, 방역 및 관리용 재료 구매 비용이 크게 증가했습니다. 코로나 바이러스의 영향으로 인해 음식업계는 방역 및 관리 요구 사항을 충족하기 위해 마스크, 소독수, 체온측정기 등 추가적으로 구매해야 했으며, 이는 음식 기업들의 지출을 크게 늘렸습니다.
Catering companies are facing huge funding problems. Under the dual impact of increasing spending and reducing revenue, although catering companies have turned to online business and increased sales through take-out platforms or private domain traffic channels to solve the business dilemma brought by the closure, some small and medium catering companies will find it difficult to continue due to cash flow Forced to close or close. Leading companies in the industry are also facing greater cash flow pressures. Under the circumstances of obtaining bank credit or external capital injection, they may still be forced to take measures such as salary reductions, store closures, and layoffs. The catering industry supply chain has been hit. From the perspective of the industrial chain, the upstream of the catering industry is a food supplier, the midstream is a supply chain enterprise (self-built supply chain system or by means of a platform-based supply chain enterprise), and the downstream is a store of various catering enterprises. Due to the current delay in resuming work in the upper and middle reaches, the production capacity of related companies after the Spring Festival has not been fully restored, and the farmer's market channels have not been fully connected. Feed transportation, food production and product transportation have been affected to varying degrees. The upstream and downstream supply chains are blocked, the consumer demand is reduced, and the industry is delayed to resume work, which means that the catering industry supply chain has been hit. Three trends for the future development of the catering industry 1. The shift from offline dining to online promotes the rapid and diversified development of the takeaway industry. The new crown pneumonia epidemic caused great losses to the catering industry at the end of January and February. Although catering is an important service consumption mode in the long-term trend, eating out will have a weak growth in the short to medium term. After the epidemic, the restaurant industry will be reshuffled, and the industry concentration will increase. At the same time, the market for online food ordering will see explosive growth In terms of takeaway food, in addition to manufactured products, the demand for semi-manufactured products will also increase, driving the rapid and diversified development of the takeaway industry. 2. The proportion of unmanned catering services will further increase. In view of the increase in the risk of new coronary pneumonia due to human contact, some unmanned and non-contact catering services will be accelerated, including the unmanned (no waiter) restaurant concept: customers enter the restaurant, scan the order with their mobile phones to pay for meals, After finishing the catering, the robot will deliver the meal. The customer does not contact the waiter during the whole process. 3． Meals are reduced in density, higher requirements are placed on venues, sanitation and ventilation systems, and catering costs increase. Considering that the probability of the new crown pneumonia epidemic spreading in confined spaces is greater, the catering business of catering companies will face higher requirements, including lowering customer density, upgrading sanitation and disinfection, and strengthening ventilation measures. These will increase the cost of catering operations to a certain extent. For those catering companies that have made adaptive adjustments in advance, the catering market will be able to obtain relatively obvious competitive advantages after the epidemic has subsided. 4． Restrictions on wild food products have increased, and the standardization and supervision of the food industry will be significantly strengthened. Due to the large variety of wildlife in China, many wild animals were not included before the "National People's Congress Standing Committee's Decision on the Comprehensive Ban on Illegal Wildlife Trade, Elimination of Wild Animal Habits, and Effective Protection of People's Health and Safety" The scope of management is a major difficulty in law enforcement. With the release of the "Decision", various departments will adjust and improve the relevant catalogues and supporting regulations to further clarify the scope of fasting. At the same time, law enforcement agencies will carry out special crackdown actions, resolutely ban illegal wildlife markets, and effectively increase crackdown on wildlife-related crimes. Under the guidance and supervision of the government, the standardization of the food industry will further increase.
